The Manchester United centre back has been out of favour under Roy Hodgson but has recently moved into contention for the squad, being called up for games against San Marino and Montenegro but pulling out.
“After a great deal of thought, I have decided the time is right for me to retire from international football,” said Ferdinand.
“At the age of 34, I feel it is right for me to stand aside and let the younger players come through, which allows me to concentrate on my club career.”