Eto’o was handed the ban for the part he played in leading a players’ strike.
The Anzhi Makhachkala striker and Ajax midfielder Eyong Enoh were both haneded 15-match international bans.
“Samuel Eto’o, in his role as captain, incited his team-mates to refuse to travel to Algeria,” the Cameroon football federation (Fecafoot) said on its official website.